SECTION 1. General statement on coverage. — The provisions of this Rule shall apply to all employees in all establishments and undertakings, whether operated for profit or not, except to those specifically exempted under Section 2 hereof.
SECTION 2. Exemption. — The provisions of this Rule shall not apply to the following persons if they qualify for exemption under the conditions set forth herein:
(a) Government employees whether employed by the National Government or any of its political subdivision, including those employed in government-owned and/or controlled corporations;
(b) Managerial employees, if they meet all of the following conditions:
(1) Their primary duty consists of the management of the establishment in which they are employed or of a department or sub-division thereof.
(2) They customarily and regularly direct the work of two or more employees therein.
(3) They have the authority to hire or fire employees of lower rank; or their suggestions and recommendations as to hiring and firing and as to the promotion or any other change of status of other employees, are given particular weight.
(c) Officers or members of a managerial staff if they perform the following duties and responsibilities:
(1) The primary duty consists of the performance of work directly related to management policies of their employer;
(2) Customarily and regularly exercise discretion and independent judgment; and
(3) (i) Regularly and directly assist a proprietor or a managerial employee whose primary duty consists of the management of the establishment in which he is employed or subdivision thereof; or (ii) execute under general supervision work along specialized or technical lines requiring special training, experience, or knowledge; or (iii) execute, under general supervision, special assignments and tasks; and
(4) Who do not devote more than 20 percent of their hours worked in a work week to activities which are not directly and closely related to the performance of the work described in paragraphs (1), (2) and (3) above.
(d) Domestic servants and persons in the personal service of another if they perform such services in the employer's home which are usually necessary or desirable for the maintenance and enjoyment thereof, or minister to the personal comfort, convenience, or safety of the employer as well as the members of his employer's household.
(e) Workers who are paid by results, including those who are paid on piece-work, "takay," "pakiao" or task basis, and other non-time work if their output rates are in accordance with the standards prescribed under Section 8, Rule VII, Book Three of these regulations, or where such rates have been fixed by the Secretary of Labor and Employment in accordance with the aforesaid Section.
(f) Non-agricultural field personnel if they regularly perform their duties away from the principal or branch office or place of business of the employer and whose actual hours of work in the field cannot be determined with reasonable certainty.
SECTION 3. Hours worked. — The following shall be considered as compensable hours worked:
(a) All time during which an employee is required to be on duty or to be at the employer's premises or to be at a prescribed work place; and
(b) All time during which an employee is suffered or permitted to work.
SECTION 4. Principles in determining hours worked. — The following general principles shall govern in determining whether the time spent by an employee is considered hours worked for purposes of this Rule:
(a) All hours are hours worked which the employee is required to give his employer, regardless of whether or not such hours are spent in productive labor or involve physical or mental exertion.
(b) An employee need not leave the premises of the work place in order that his rest period shall not be counted, it being enough that he stops working, may rest completely and may leave his work place, to go elsewhere, whether within or outside the premises of his work place.
(c) If the work performed was necessary, or it benefited the employer, or the employee could not abandon his work at the end of his normal working hours because he had no replacement, all time spent for such work shall be considered as hours worked, if the work was with the knowledge of his employer or immediate supervisor.
(d) The time during which an employee is inactive by reason of interruptions in his work beyond his control shall be considered working time either if the imminence of the resumption of work requires the employee's presence at the place of work or if the interval is too brief to be utilized effectively and gainfully in the employee's own interest.
SECTION 5. Waiting time. — (a) Waiting time spent by an employee shall be considered as working time if waiting is an integral part of his work or the employee is required or engaged by the employer to wait.
(b) An employee who is required to remain on call in the employer's premises or so close thereto that he cannot use the time effectively and gainfully for his own purpose shall be considered as working while on call. An employee who is not required to leave word at his home or with company officials where he may be reached is not working while on call.
SECTION 6. Lectures, meetings, training programs. — Attendance at lectures, meetings, training programs, and other similar activities shall not be counted as working time if all of the following conditions are met:
(a) Attendance is outside of the employee's regular working hours;
(b) Attendance is in fact voluntary; and
(c) The employee does not perform any productive work during such attendance.
SECTION 7. Meal and Rest Periods. — Every employer shall give his employees, regardless of sex, not less than one (1) hour time-off for regular meals, except in the following cases when a meal period of not less than twenty (20) minutes may be given by the employer provided that such shorter meal period is credited as compensable hours worked of the employee:
(a) Where the work is non-manual work in nature or does not involve strenuous physical exertion;
(b) Where the establishment regularly operates not less than sixteen (16) hours a day;
(c) In case of actual or impending emergencies or there is urgent work to be performed on machineries, equipment or installations to avoid serious loss which the employer would otherwise suffer; and
(d) Where the work is necessary to prevent serious loss of perishable goods.
Rest periods or coffee breaks running from five (5) to twenty (20) minutes shall be considered as compensable working time.
SECTION 8. Overtime pay. — Any employee covered by this Rule who is permitted or required to work beyond eight (8) hours on ordinary working days shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work in the amount equivalent to his regular wage plus at least twenty-five percent (25%) thereof.
SECTION 9. Premium and overtime pay for holiday and rest day work. — (a) Except employees referred to under Section 2 of this Rule, an employee who is permitted or suffered to work on special holidays or on his designated rest days not falling on regular holidays, shall be paid with an additional compensation as premium pay of not less than thirty percent (30%) of his regular wage. For work performed in excess of eight (8) hours on special holidays and rest days not falling on regular holidays, an employee shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work equivalent to his rate for the first eight hours on a special holiday or rest day plus at least thirty percent (30%) thereof.
(b) Employees of public utility enterprises as well as those employed in non-profit institutions and organizations shall be entitled to the premium and overtime pay provided herein, unless they are specifically excluded from the coverage of this Rule as provided in Section 2 hereof.
(c) The payment of additional compensation for work performed on regular holidays shall be governed by Rule IV, Book Three, of these Rules.
SECTION 10. Compulsory overtime work. — In any of the following cases, an employer may require any of his employees to work beyond eight (8) hours a day, provided that the employee required to render overtime work is paid the additional compensation required by these regulations:
(a) When the country is at war or when any other national or local emergency has been declared by Congress or the Chief Executive;
(b) When overtime work is necessary to prevent loss of life or property, or in case of imminent danger to public safety due to actual or impending emergency in the locality caused by serious accident, fire, floods, typhoons, earthquake, epidemic or other disaster or calamities;
(c) When there is urgent work to be performed on machines, installations, or equipment, in order to avoid serious loss or damage to the employer or some other causes of similar nature;
(d) When the work is necessary to prevent loss or damage to perishable goods;
(e) When the completion or continuation of work started before the 8th hour is necessary to prevent serious obstruction or prejudice to the business or operations of the employer; or
(f) When overtime work is necessary to avail of favorable weather or environmental conditions where performance or quality of work is dependent thereon.
In cases not falling within any of these enumerated in this Section, no employee may be made to work beyond eight hours a day against his will.
RULE I-A : Hours of Work of Hospital and Clinic Personnel
SECTION 1. General statement on coverage. — This Rule shall apply to:
(a) All hospitals and clinics, including those with a bed capacity of less than one hundred (100) which are situated in cities or municipalities with a population of one million or more; and
(b) All hospitals and clinics with a bed capacity of at least one hundred (100), irrespective of the size of the population of the city or municipality where they may be situated.
SECTION 2. Hospitals or clinics within the meaning of this Rule. — The terms "hospitals" and "clinics" as used in this Rule shall mean a place devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, or deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care. Either term shall also be construed as any institution, building, or place where there are installed beds, or cribs, or bassinets for twenty-four (24) hours use or longer by patients in the treatment of disease, injuries, deformities, or abnormal physical and mental states, maternity cases or sanitorial care; or infirmaries, nurseries, dispensaries, and such other similar names by which they may be designated.
SECTION 3. Determination of bed capacity and population. — (a) For purposes of determining the applicability of this Rule, the actual bed capacity of the hospital or clinic at the time of such determination shall be considered, regardless of the actual or bed occupancy. The bed capacity of hospital or clinic as determined by the Bureau of Medical Services pursuant to Republic Act No. 4226, otherwise known as the Hospital Licensure Act, shall prima facie be considered as the actual bed capacity of such hospital or clinic.
(b) The size of the population of the city or municipality shall be determined from the latest official census issued by the Bureau of the Census and Statistics.
SECTION 4. Personnel covered by this Rule. — This Rule applies to all persons employed by any private or public hospital or clinic mentioned in Section 1 hereof, and shall include, but not limited to, resident physicians, nurses, nutritionists, dieticians, pharmacists, social workers, laboratory technicians paramedical technicians, psychologists, midwives, and attendants.
SECTION 5. Regular working hours. — The regular working hours of any person covered by this Rule shall not be more than eight (8) hours in any one day nor more than forty (40) hours in any one week.
For purposes of this Rule a "day" shall mean a work day of twenty-four (24) consecutive hours beginning at the same time each calendar year. A "week" shall mean the work of 168 consecutive hours, or seven consecutive 24-hour work days, beginning at the same hour and on the same calendar day each calendar week.
SECTION 6. Regular working days. — The regular working days of covered employees shall not be more than five days in a work week. The work week may begin at any hour and on any day, including Saturday or Sunday, designated by the employer.
Employers are not precluded from changing the time at which the work day or work week begins, provided that the change is not intended to evade the requirements of this Rule.
SECTION 7. Overtime work. — Where the exigencies of the service so require as determined by the employer, any employee covered by this Rule may be scheduled to work for more than five (5) days or forty (40) hours a week, provided that the employee is paid for the overtime work an additional compensation equivalent to his regular wage plus at least thirty percent (30%) thereof, subject to the provisions of this Book on the payment of additional compensation for work performed on special and regular holidays and on rest days.
SECTION 8. Hours worked. — In determining the compensable hours of work of hospital and clinic personnel covered by this Rule, the pertinent provisions of Rule 1 of this Book shall apply.
SECTION 9. Additional compensation. — Hospital and clinic personnel covered by this Rule, with the exception of those employed by the Government, shall be entitled to an additional compensation for work performed on regular and special holidays and rest days as provided in this Book. Such employees shall also be entitled to overtime pay for services rendered in excess of forty hours a week, or in excess of eight hours a day, whichever will yield the higher additional compensation to the employee in the work week.
SECTION 10. Relation to Rule I. — All provisions of Rule I of this Book which are not inconsistent with this Rule shall be deemed applicable to hospital and clinic personnel.
(a) All hospitals and clinics, including those with a bed capacity of less than one hundred (100) which are situated in cities or municipalities with a population of one million or more; and
(b) All hospitals and clinics with a bed capacity of at least one hundred (100), irrespective of the size of the population of the city or municipality where they may be situated.
SECTION 2. Hospitals or clinics within the meaning of this Rule. — The terms "hospitals" and "clinics" as used in this Rule shall mean a place devoted primarily to the maintenance and operation of facilities for the diagnosis, treatment and care of individuals suffering from illness, disease, injury, or deformity, or in need of obstetrical or other medical and nursing care. Either term shall also be construed as any institution, building, or place where there are installed beds, or cribs, or bassinets for twenty-four (24) hours use or longer by patients in the treatment of disease, injuries, deformities, or abnormal physical and mental states, maternity cases or sanitorial care; or infirmaries, nurseries, dispensaries, and such other similar names by which they may be designated.
SECTION 3. Determination of bed capacity and population. — (a) For purposes of determining the applicability of this Rule, the actual bed capacity of the hospital or clinic at the time of such determination shall be considered, regardless of the actual or bed occupancy. The bed capacity of hospital or clinic as determined by the Bureau of Medical Services pursuant to Republic Act No. 4226, otherwise known as the Hospital Licensure Act, shall prima facie be considered as the actual bed capacity of such hospital or clinic.
(b) The size of the population of the city or municipality shall be determined from the latest official census issued by the Bureau of the Census and Statistics.
SECTION 4. Personnel covered by this Rule. — This Rule applies to all persons employed by any private or public hospital or clinic mentioned in Section 1 hereof, and shall include, but not limited to, resident physicians, nurses, nutritionists, dieticians, pharmacists, social workers, laboratory technicians paramedical technicians, psychologists, midwives, and attendants.
SECTION 5. Regular working hours. — The regular working hours of any person covered by this Rule shall not be more than eight (8) hours in any one day nor more than forty (40) hours in any one week.
For purposes of this Rule a "day" shall mean a work day of twenty-four (24) consecutive hours beginning at the same time each calendar year. A "week" shall mean the work of 168 consecutive hours, or seven consecutive 24-hour work days, beginning at the same hour and on the same calendar day each calendar week.
SECTION 6. Regular working days. — The regular working days of covered employees shall not be more than five days in a work week. The work week may begin at any hour and on any day, including Saturday or Sunday, designated by the employer.
Employers are not precluded from changing the time at which the work day or work week begins, provided that the change is not intended to evade the requirements of this Rule.
SECTION 7. Overtime work. — Where the exigencies of the service so require as determined by the employer, any employee covered by this Rule may be scheduled to work for more than five (5) days or forty (40) hours a week, provided that the employee is paid for the overtime work an additional compensation equivalent to his regular wage plus at least thirty percent (30%) thereof, subject to the provisions of this Book on the payment of additional compensation for work performed on special and regular holidays and on rest days.
SECTION 8. Hours worked. — In determining the compensable hours of work of hospital and clinic personnel covered by this Rule, the pertinent provisions of Rule 1 of this Book shall apply.
SECTION 9. Additional compensation. — Hospital and clinic personnel covered by this Rule, with the exception of those employed by the Government, shall be entitled to an additional compensation for work performed on regular and special holidays and rest days as provided in this Book. Such employees shall also be entitled to overtime pay for services rendered in excess of forty hours a week, or in excess of eight hours a day, whichever will yield the higher additional compensation to the employee in the work week.
SECTION 10. Relation to Rule I. — All provisions of Rule I of this Book which are not inconsistent with this Rule shall be deemed applicable to hospital and clinic personnel.
RULE II : Night Shift Differential
SECTION 1. Coverage. — This Rule shall apply to all employees except:
(a) Those of the government and any of its political subdivisions, including government-owned and/or controlled corporations;
(b) Those of retail and service establishments regularly employing not more than five (5) workers;
(c) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(d) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of this Code;
(e) Field personnel and other employees whose time and performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof.
SECTION 2. Night shift differential. — An employee shall be paid night shift differential of no less than ten per cent (10%) of his regular wage for each hour of work performed between ten o'clock in the evening and six o'clock in the morning.
SECTION 3. Additional compensation. — Where an employee is permitted or suffered to work on the period covered after his work schedule, he shall be entitled to his regular wage plus at least twenty-five per cent (25%) and an additional amount of no less than ten per cent (10%) of such overtime rate for each hour or work performed between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.
SECTION 4. Additional compensation on scheduled rest day/special holiday. — An employee who is required or permitted to work on the period covered during rest days and/or special holidays not falling on regular holidays, shall be paid a compensation equivalent to his regular wage plus at least thirty (30%) per cent and an additional amount of not less than ten (10%) per cent of such premium pay rate for each hour of work performed.
SECTION 5. Additional compensation on regular holidays. — For work on the period covered during regular holidays, an employee shall be entitled to his regular wage during these days plus an additional compensation of no less than ten (10%) per cent of such premium rate for each hour of work performed.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments as provided in existing individual or collective agreements or employer practice or policy.
(a) Those of the government and any of its political subdivisions, including government-owned and/or controlled corporations;
(b) Those of retail and service establishments regularly employing not more than five (5) workers;
(c) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(d) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of this Code;
(e) Field personnel and other employees whose time and performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof.
SECTION 2. Night shift differential. — An employee shall be paid night shift differential of no less than ten per cent (10%) of his regular wage for each hour of work performed between ten o'clock in the evening and six o'clock in the morning.
SECTION 3. Additional compensation. — Where an employee is permitted or suffered to work on the period covered after his work schedule, he shall be entitled to his regular wage plus at least twenty-five per cent (25%) and an additional amount of no less than ten per cent (10%) of such overtime rate for each hour or work performed between 10 p.m. to 6 a.m.
SECTION 4. Additional compensation on scheduled rest day/special holiday. — An employee who is required or permitted to work on the period covered during rest days and/or special holidays not falling on regular holidays, shall be paid a compensation equivalent to his regular wage plus at least thirty (30%) per cent and an additional amount of not less than ten (10%) per cent of such premium pay rate for each hour of work performed.
SECTION 5. Additional compensation on regular holidays. — For work on the period covered during regular holidays, an employee shall be entitled to his regular wage during these days plus an additional compensation of no less than ten (10%) per cent of such premium rate for each hour of work performed.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments as provided in existing individual or collective agreements or employer practice or policy.
RULE III : Weekly Rest Periods
SECTION 1. General statement on coverage. — This Rule shall apply to all employers whether operating for profit or not, including public utilities operated by private persons.
SECTION 2. Business on Sundays/Holidays. — All establishments and enterprises may operate or open for business on Sundays and holidays provided that the employees are given the weekly rest day and the benefits as provided in this Rule.
SECTION 3. Weekly rest day. — Every employer shall give his employees a rest period of not less than twenty-four (24) consecutive hours after every six consecutive normal work days.
SECTION 4. Preference of employee. — The preference of the employee as to his weekly day of rest shall be respected by the employer if the same is based on religious grounds. The employee shall make known his preference to the employer in writing at least seven (7) days before the desired effectivity of the initial rest day so preferred.
Where, however, the choice of the employee as to his rest day based on religious grounds will inevitably result in serious prejudice or obstruction to the operations of the undertaking and the employer cannot normally be expected to resort to other remedial measures, the employer may so schedule the weekly rest day of his choice for at least two (2) days in a month.
SECTION 5. Schedule of rest day. — (a) Where the weekly rest is given to all employees simultaneously, the employer shall make known such rest period by means of a written notice posted conspicuously in the work place at least one week before it becomes effective.
(b) Where the rest period is not granted to all employees simultaneously and collectively, the employer shall make known to the employees their respective schedules of weekly rest through written notices posted conspicuously in the work place at least one week before they become effective.
SECTION 6. When work on rest day authorized. — An employer may require any of his employees to work on his scheduled rest day for the duration of the following emergencies and exceptional conditions:
(a) In case of actual or impending emergencies caused by serious accident, fire, flood, typhoon, earthquake, epidemic or other disaster or calamity, to prevent loss of life or property, or in cases of force majeure or imminent danger to public safety;
(b) In case of urgent work to be performed on machineries, equipment or installations to avoid serious loss which the employer would otherwise suffer;
(c) In the event of abnormal pressure of work due to special circumstances, where the employer cannot ordinarily be expected to resort to other measures;
(d) To prevent serious loss of perishable goods;
(e) Where the nature of the work is such that the employees have to work continuously for seven (7) days in a week or more, as in the case of the crew members of a vessel to complete a voyage and in other similar cases; and
(f) When the work is necessary to avail of favorable weather or environmental conditions where performance or quality of work is dependent thereon.
No employee shall be required against his will to work on his scheduled rest day except under circumstances provided in this Section: Provided, However, that where an employee volunteers to work on his rest day under other circumstances, he shall express such desire in writing, subject to the provisions of Section 7 hereof regarding additional compensation.
SECTION 7. Compensation on rest day/Sunday/holiday. — (a) Except those employees referred to under Section 2, Rule I, Book Three, an employee who is made or permitted to work on his scheduled rest day shall be paid with an additional compensation of at least 30% of his regular wage. An employee shall be entitled to such additional compensation for work performed on a Sunday only when it is his established rest day.
(b) Where the nature of the work of the employee is such that he has no regular work days and no regular rest days can be scheduled, he shall be paid an additional compensation of at least 30% of his regular wage for work performed on Sundays and holidays.
(c) Work performed on any special holiday shall be paid with an additional compensation of at least 30% of the regular wage of the employees. Where such holiday work falls on the employee's scheduled rest day, he shall be entitled to additional compensation of at least 50% of his regular wage.
(d) The payment of additional compensation for work performed on regular holiday shall be governed by Rule IV, Book Three, of these regulations.
(e) Where the collective bargaining agreement or other applicable employment contract stipulates the payment of a higher premium pay than that prescribed under this Section, the employer shall pay such higher rate.
SECTION 8. Paid-off days. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in reducing the compensation of his employees for the unworked Sundays, holidays, or other rest days which are considered paid-off days or holidays by agreement or practice subsisting upon the effectivity of the Code.
SECTION 9. Relation to agreements. — Nothing herein shall prevent the employer and his employees or their representatives in entering into any agreement with terms more favorable to the employees than those provided herein, or be used to diminish any benefit granted to the employees under existing laws, agreements, and voluntary employer practices.
SECTION 2. Business on Sundays/Holidays. — All establishments and enterprises may operate or open for business on Sundays and holidays provided that the employees are given the weekly rest day and the benefits as provided in this Rule.
SECTION 3. Weekly rest day. — Every employer shall give his employees a rest period of not less than twenty-four (24) consecutive hours after every six consecutive normal work days.
SECTION 4. Preference of employee. — The preference of the employee as to his weekly day of rest shall be respected by the employer if the same is based on religious grounds. The employee shall make known his preference to the employer in writing at least seven (7) days before the desired effectivity of the initial rest day so preferred.
Where, however, the choice of the employee as to his rest day based on religious grounds will inevitably result in serious prejudice or obstruction to the operations of the undertaking and the employer cannot normally be expected to resort to other remedial measures, the employer may so schedule the weekly rest day of his choice for at least two (2) days in a month.
SECTION 5. Schedule of rest day. — (a) Where the weekly rest is given to all employees simultaneously, the employer shall make known such rest period by means of a written notice posted conspicuously in the work place at least one week before it becomes effective.
(b) Where the rest period is not granted to all employees simultaneously and collectively, the employer shall make known to the employees their respective schedules of weekly rest through written notices posted conspicuously in the work place at least one week before they become effective.
SECTION 6. When work on rest day authorized. — An employer may require any of his employees to work on his scheduled rest day for the duration of the following emergencies and exceptional conditions:
(a) In case of actual or impending emergencies caused by serious accident, fire, flood, typhoon, earthquake, epidemic or other disaster or calamity, to prevent loss of life or property, or in cases of force majeure or imminent danger to public safety;
(b) In case of urgent work to be performed on machineries, equipment or installations to avoid serious loss which the employer would otherwise suffer;
(c) In the event of abnormal pressure of work due to special circumstances, where the employer cannot ordinarily be expected to resort to other measures;
(d) To prevent serious loss of perishable goods;
(e) Where the nature of the work is such that the employees have to work continuously for seven (7) days in a week or more, as in the case of the crew members of a vessel to complete a voyage and in other similar cases; and
(f) When the work is necessary to avail of favorable weather or environmental conditions where performance or quality of work is dependent thereon.
No employee shall be required against his will to work on his scheduled rest day except under circumstances provided in this Section: Provided, However, that where an employee volunteers to work on his rest day under other circumstances, he shall express such desire in writing, subject to the provisions of Section 7 hereof regarding additional compensation.
SECTION 7. Compensation on rest day/Sunday/holiday. — (a) Except those employees referred to under Section 2, Rule I, Book Three, an employee who is made or permitted to work on his scheduled rest day shall be paid with an additional compensation of at least 30% of his regular wage. An employee shall be entitled to such additional compensation for work performed on a Sunday only when it is his established rest day.
(b) Where the nature of the work of the employee is such that he has no regular work days and no regular rest days can be scheduled, he shall be paid an additional compensation of at least 30% of his regular wage for work performed on Sundays and holidays.
(c) Work performed on any special holiday shall be paid with an additional compensation of at least 30% of the regular wage of the employees. Where such holiday work falls on the employee's scheduled rest day, he shall be entitled to additional compensation of at least 50% of his regular wage.
(d) The payment of additional compensation for work performed on regular holiday shall be governed by Rule IV, Book Three, of these regulations.
(e) Where the collective bargaining agreement or other applicable employment contract stipulates the payment of a higher premium pay than that prescribed under this Section, the employer shall pay such higher rate.
SECTION 8. Paid-off days. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in reducing the compensation of his employees for the unworked Sundays, holidays, or other rest days which are considered paid-off days or holidays by agreement or practice subsisting upon the effectivity of the Code.
SECTION 9. Relation to agreements. — Nothing herein shall prevent the employer and his employees or their representatives in entering into any agreement with terms more favorable to the employees than those provided herein, or be used to diminish any benefit granted to the employees under existing laws, agreements, and voluntary employer practices.
RULE IV : Holidays with Pay
SECTION 1. Coverage. — This rule shall apply to all employees except:
(a) Those of the government and any of the political subdivision, including government-owned and controlled corporation;
(b) Those of retail and service establishments regularly employing less than ten (10) workers;
(c) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(d) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of the Code;
(e) Field personnel and other employees whose time and performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof.
SECTION 2. Status of employees paid by the month. — Employees who are uniformly paid by the month, irrespective of the number of working days therein, with a salary of not less than the statutory or established minimum wage shall be paid for all days in the month whether worked or not.
For this purpose, the monthly minimum wage shall not be less than the statutory minimum wage multiplied by 365 days divided by twelve.
SECTION 3. Holiday Pay. — Every employer shall pay his employees their regular daily wage for any worked regular holidays.
As used in the rule, the term 'regular holiday' shall exclusively refer to: New Year's Day, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, the ninth of April, the first of May, the twelfth of June, the last Sunday of August, the thirtieth of November, the twenty-fifth and thirtieth of December. Nationwide special days shall include the first of November and the last day of December.
As used in this Rule legal or regular holiday and special holiday shall now be referred to as 'regular holiday' and 'special day', respectively.
SECTION 4. Compensation for holiday work. — Any employee who is permitted or suffered to work on any regular holiday, not exceeding eight (8) hours, shall be paid at least two hundred percent (200%) of his regular daily wage. If the holiday work falls on the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall be entitled to an additional premium pay of at least 30% of his regular holiday rate of 200% based on his regular wage rate.
SECTION 5. Overtime pay for holiday work. — For work performed in excess of eight hours on a regular holiday, an employee shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work equivalent to his rate for the first eight hours on such holiday work plus at least 30% thereof.
Where the regular holiday work exceeding eight hours falls on the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work equivalent to his regular holiday-rest day for the first 8 hours plus 30% thereof. The regular holiday rest day rate of an employee shall consist of 200% of his regular daily wage rate plus 30% thereof.
SECTION 6. Absences. — (a) All covered employees shall be entitled to the benefit provided herein when they are on leave of absence with pay. Employees who are on leave of absence without pay on the day immediately preceding a regular holiday may not be paid the required holiday pay if he has not worked on such regular holiday.
(b) Employees shall grant the same percentage of the holiday pay as the benefit granted by competent authority in the form of employee's compensation or social security payment, whichever is higher, if they are not reporting for work while on such benefits.
(c) Where the day immediately preceding the holiday is a non-working day in the establishment or the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall not be deemed to be on leave of absence on that day, in which case he shall be entitled to the holiday pay if he worked on the day immediately preceding the non-working day or rest day.
SECTION 7. Temporary or periodic shutdown and temporary cessation of work. — (a) In cases of temporary or periodic shutdown and temporary cessation of work of an establishment, as when a yearly inventory or when the repair or cleaning of machineries and equipment is undertaken, the regular holidays falling within the period shall be compensated in accordance with this Rule.
(b) The regular holiday during the cessation of operation of an enterprise due to business reverses as authorized by the Secretary of Labor and Employment may not be paid by the employer.
SECTION 8. Holiday pay of certain employees. — (a) Private school teachers, including faculty members of colleges and universities, may not be paid for the regular holidays during semestral vacations. They shall, however, be paid for the regular holidays during Christmas vacation;
(b) Where a covered employee, is paid by results or output, such as payment on piece work, his holiday pay shall not be less than his average daily earnings for the last seven (7) actual working days preceding the regular holiday; Provided, However, that in no case shall the holiday pay be less than the applicable statutory minimum wage rate.
(c) Seasonal workers may not be paid the required holiday pay during off-season when they are not at work.
(d) Workers who have no regular working days shall be entitled to the benefits provided in this Rule.
SECTION 9. Regular holiday falling on rest days or Sundays. — (a) A regular holiday falling on the employee's rest day shall be compensated accordingly.
(b) Where a regular holiday falls on a Sunday, the following day shall be considered a special holiday for purposes of the Labor Code, unless said day is also a regular holiday.
SECTION 10. Successive regular holidays. — Where there are two (2) successive regular holidays, like Holy Thursday and Good Friday, an employee may not be paid for both holidays if he absents himself from work on the day immediately preceding the first holiday, unless he works on the first holiday, in which case he is entitled to his holiday pay on the second holiday.
SECTION 11. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments for unworked holidays as provided in existing individual or collective agreement or employer practice or policy.
(a) Those of the government and any of the political subdivision, including government-owned and controlled corporation;
(b) Those of retail and service establishments regularly employing less than ten (10) workers;
(c) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(d) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of the Code;
(e) Field personnel and other employees whose time and performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof.
SECTION 2. Status of employees paid by the month. — Employees who are uniformly paid by the month, irrespective of the number of working days therein, with a salary of not less than the statutory or established minimum wage shall be paid for all days in the month whether worked or not.
For this purpose, the monthly minimum wage shall not be less than the statutory minimum wage multiplied by 365 days divided by twelve.
SECTION 3. Holiday Pay. — Every employer shall pay his employees their regular daily wage for any worked regular holidays.
As used in the rule, the term 'regular holiday' shall exclusively refer to: New Year's Day, Maundy Thursday, Good Friday, the ninth of April, the first of May, the twelfth of June, the last Sunday of August, the thirtieth of November, the twenty-fifth and thirtieth of December. Nationwide special days shall include the first of November and the last day of December.
As used in this Rule legal or regular holiday and special holiday shall now be referred to as 'regular holiday' and 'special day', respectively.
SECTION 4. Compensation for holiday work. — Any employee who is permitted or suffered to work on any regular holiday, not exceeding eight (8) hours, shall be paid at least two hundred percent (200%) of his regular daily wage. If the holiday work falls on the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall be entitled to an additional premium pay of at least 30% of his regular holiday rate of 200% based on his regular wage rate.
SECTION 5. Overtime pay for holiday work. — For work performed in excess of eight hours on a regular holiday, an employee shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work equivalent to his rate for the first eight hours on such holiday work plus at least 30% thereof.
Where the regular holiday work exceeding eight hours falls on the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall be paid an additional compensation for the overtime work equivalent to his regular holiday-rest day for the first 8 hours plus 30% thereof. The regular holiday rest day rate of an employee shall consist of 200% of his regular daily wage rate plus 30% thereof.
SECTION 6. Absences. — (a) All covered employees shall be entitled to the benefit provided herein when they are on leave of absence with pay. Employees who are on leave of absence without pay on the day immediately preceding a regular holiday may not be paid the required holiday pay if he has not worked on such regular holiday.
(b) Employees shall grant the same percentage of the holiday pay as the benefit granted by competent authority in the form of employee's compensation or social security payment, whichever is higher, if they are not reporting for work while on such benefits.
(c) Where the day immediately preceding the holiday is a non-working day in the establishment or the scheduled rest day of the employee, he shall not be deemed to be on leave of absence on that day, in which case he shall be entitled to the holiday pay if he worked on the day immediately preceding the non-working day or rest day.
SECTION 7. Temporary or periodic shutdown and temporary cessation of work. — (a) In cases of temporary or periodic shutdown and temporary cessation of work of an establishment, as when a yearly inventory or when the repair or cleaning of machineries and equipment is undertaken, the regular holidays falling within the period shall be compensated in accordance with this Rule.
(b) The regular holiday during the cessation of operation of an enterprise due to business reverses as authorized by the Secretary of Labor and Employment may not be paid by the employer.
SECTION 8. Holiday pay of certain employees. — (a) Private school teachers, including faculty members of colleges and universities, may not be paid for the regular holidays during semestral vacations. They shall, however, be paid for the regular holidays during Christmas vacation;
(b) Where a covered employee, is paid by results or output, such as payment on piece work, his holiday pay shall not be less than his average daily earnings for the last seven (7) actual working days preceding the regular holiday; Provided, However, that in no case shall the holiday pay be less than the applicable statutory minimum wage rate.
(c) Seasonal workers may not be paid the required holiday pay during off-season when they are not at work.
(d) Workers who have no regular working days shall be entitled to the benefits provided in this Rule.
SECTION 9. Regular holiday falling on rest days or Sundays. — (a) A regular holiday falling on the employee's rest day shall be compensated accordingly.
(b) Where a regular holiday falls on a Sunday, the following day shall be considered a special holiday for purposes of the Labor Code, unless said day is also a regular holiday.
SECTION 10. Successive regular holidays. — Where there are two (2) successive regular holidays, like Holy Thursday and Good Friday, an employee may not be paid for both holidays if he absents himself from work on the day immediately preceding the first holiday, unless he works on the first holiday, in which case he is entitled to his holiday pay on the second holiday.
SECTION 11. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall justify an employer in withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments for unworked holidays as provided in existing individual or collective agreement or employer practice or policy.
RULE V : Service Incentive Leave
SECTION 1. Coverage. — This rule shall apply to all employees except:
(a) Those of the government and any of its political subdivisions, including government-owned and controlled corporations;
(b) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(c) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of this Code;
(d) Field personnel and other employees whose performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof;
(e) Those who are already enjoying the benefit herein provided;
(f) Those enjoying vacation leave with pay of at least five days; and
(g) Those employed in establishments regularly employing less than ten employees.
SECTION 2. Right to service incentive leave. — Every employee who has rendered at least one year of service shall be entitled to a yearly service incentive leave of five days with pay.
SECTION 3. Definition of certain terms. — The term "at least one-year service" shall mean service for not less than 12 months, whether continuous or broken reckoned from the date the employee started working, including authorized absences and paid regular holidays unless the working days in the establishment as a matter of practice or policy, or that provided in the employment contract is less than 12 months, in which case said period shall be considered as one year.
SECTION 4. Accrual of benefit. — Entitlement to the benefit provided in this Rule shall start December 16, 1975, the date the amendatory provision of the Code took effect.
SECTION 5. Treatment of benefit. — The service incentive leave shall be commutable to its money equivalent if not used or exhausted at the end of the year.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in the Rule shall justify an employer from withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments as provided in existing individual or collective agreements or employer's practices or policies.
(a) Those of the government and any of its political subdivisions, including government-owned and controlled corporations;
(b) Domestic helpers and persons in the personal service of another;
(c) Managerial employees as defined in Book Three of this Code;
(d) Field personnel and other employees whose performance is unsupervised by the employer including those who are engaged on task or contract basis, purely commission basis, or those who are paid a fixed amount for performing work irrespective of the time consumed in the performance thereof;
(e) Those who are already enjoying the benefit herein provided;
(f) Those enjoying vacation leave with pay of at least five days; and
(g) Those employed in establishments regularly employing less than ten employees.
SECTION 2. Right to service incentive leave. — Every employee who has rendered at least one year of service shall be entitled to a yearly service incentive leave of five days with pay.
SECTION 3. Definition of certain terms. — The term "at least one-year service" shall mean service for not less than 12 months, whether continuous or broken reckoned from the date the employee started working, including authorized absences and paid regular holidays unless the working days in the establishment as a matter of practice or policy, or that provided in the employment contract is less than 12 months, in which case said period shall be considered as one year.
SECTION 4. Accrual of benefit. — Entitlement to the benefit provided in this Rule shall start December 16, 1975, the date the amendatory provision of the Code took effect.
SECTION 5. Treatment of benefit. — The service incentive leave shall be commutable to its money equivalent if not used or exhausted at the end of the year.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in the Rule shall justify an employer from withdrawing or reducing any benefits, supplements or payments as provided in existing individual or collective agreements or employer's practices or policies.
RULE VI : Service Charges
SECTION 1. Coverage. — This rule shall apply only to establishments collecting service charges such as hotels, restaurants, lodging houses, night clubs, cocktail lounge, massage clinics, bars, casinos and gambling houses, and similar enterprises, including those entities operating primarily as private subsidiaries of the Government.
SECTION 2. Employees covered. — This rule shall apply to all employees of covered employers, regardless of their positions, designations or employment status, and irrespective of the method by which their wages are paid except to managerial employees.
As used herein, a "managerial employee" shall mean one who is vested with powers or prerogatives to lay down and execute management policies and/or to hire, transfer, suspend, lay-off, recall, discharge, assign, or discipline employees or to effectively recommend such managerial actions. All employees not falling within this definition shall be considered rank-and-file employees.
SECTION 3. Distribution of service charges. — All service charges collected by covered employers shall be distributed at the rate of 85% for the employees and 15% for the management. The 85% shall be distributed equally among the covered employees. The 15% shall be for the disposition by management to answer for losses and breakages and distribution to managerial employees at the discretion of the management in the latter case.
SECTION 4. Frequency of distribution. — The shares referred to herein shall be distributed and paid to the employees not less than once every two (2) weeks or twice a month at intervals not exceeding sixteen (16) days.
SECTION 5. Integration of service charges. — In case the service charges is abolished the share of covered employees shall be considered integrated in their wages. The basis of the amount to be integrated shall be the average monthly share of each employee for the past twelve (12) months immediately preceding the abolition of withdrawal of such charges.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall prevent the employer and his employees from entering into any agreement with terms more favorable to the employees than those provided herein, or be used to diminish any benefit granted to the employees under existing laws, agreement and voluntary employer practice.
SECTION 7. This rule shall be without prejudice to existing, future collective bargaining agreements.
Nothing in this rule shall be construed to justify the reduction or diminution of any benefit being enjoyed by any employee at the time of effectivity of this rule.
SECTION 2. Employees covered. — This rule shall apply to all employees of covered employers, regardless of their positions, designations or employment status, and irrespective of the method by which their wages are paid except to managerial employees.
As used herein, a "managerial employee" shall mean one who is vested with powers or prerogatives to lay down and execute management policies and/or to hire, transfer, suspend, lay-off, recall, discharge, assign, or discipline employees or to effectively recommend such managerial actions. All employees not falling within this definition shall be considered rank-and-file employees.
SECTION 3. Distribution of service charges. — All service charges collected by covered employers shall be distributed at the rate of 85% for the employees and 15% for the management. The 85% shall be distributed equally among the covered employees. The 15% shall be for the disposition by management to answer for losses and breakages and distribution to managerial employees at the discretion of the management in the latter case.
SECTION 4. Frequency of distribution. — The shares referred to herein shall be distributed and paid to the employees not less than once every two (2) weeks or twice a month at intervals not exceeding sixteen (16) days.
SECTION 5. Integration of service charges. — In case the service charges is abolished the share of covered employees shall be considered integrated in their wages. The basis of the amount to be integrated shall be the average monthly share of each employee for the past twelve (12) months immediately preceding the abolition of withdrawal of such charges.
SECTION 6. Relation to agreements. — Nothing in this Rule shall prevent the employer and his employees from entering into any agreement with terms more favorable to the employees than those provided herein, or be used to diminish any benefit granted to the employees under existing laws, agreement and voluntary employer practice.
SECTION 7. This rule shall be without prejudice to existing, future collective bargaining agreements.
Nothing in this rule shall be construed to justify the reduction or diminution of any benefit being enjoyed by any employee at the time of effectivity of this rule.
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